What Is the Saudi Stock Exchange?
Basics
Saudi Arabia's significant impact on global oil markets is widely acknowledged. As a pivotal member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Saudi Aramco, the national oil and natural gas corporation, oversees the production and administration of vast oil reserves totaling around 260 billion barrels. Nonetheless, the burgeoning Saudi Arabian stock market, called the Tadawul, remains relatively obscure and underexplored.
The Tadawul Stock Exchange: Evolution and Modernization
The Tadawul, the sole stock exchange in Saudi Arabia, holds a prominent position among the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations. In the 1970s, the market operated informally, with only 14 companies listed. However, in 1984, the government assigned a ministerial committee to formalize and regulate the market's operations. The year 2004 witnessed the establishment of the Capital Market Authority (CMA), becoming the market's exclusive regulatory body. Subsequently, in 2007, the Saudi Stock Exchange, known as the Tadawul, came into existence.
Offering equities, Islamic bonds (sukuk), exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and mutual funds, the Tadawul currently hosts nearly 200 listed companies. The Tadawul All Share Index (TASI) serves as the primary stock market indicator, tracking the performance of all entities listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange.
In 2017, Nasdaq and Tadawul collaborated on a transformative project to modernize Tadawul's post-trade technology infrastructure. This initiative, now successfully completed, paves the way for introducing new asset classes, including derivatives, into the Saudi market.
Exploring the Correlation Between Tadawul and US Markets
The Tadawul exhibits a positive correlation with US stock markets, primarily owing to a currency peg arrangement. This correlation extends further to encompass neighboring stock exchanges, including the Abu Dhabi Stock Exchange, the Dubai Stock Exchange, and the Bahrain Stock Exchange. Typically, price fluctuations within the Tadawul tend to catalyze analogous movements in these regional stock markets.
Conclusion
Saudi Arabia's role in global oil markets is well-established through OPEC and Saudi Aramco's management of extensive oil reserves. Yet, the Tadawul stock market, evolving since the 1970s, remains relatively unexplored. The Tadawul, the sole Saudi stock exchange, now houses nearly 200 listed companies under the TASI index. Modernization efforts with Nasdaq have expanded its capabilities, including the potential for introducing derivatives. Additionally, the Tadawul's positive correlation with US markets, due to a currency peg, extends to nearby exchanges, impacting regional markets like the Abu Dhabi, Dubai, and Bahrain Stock Exchanges. This interconnection highlights Tadawul's global relevance and influence on broader financial dynamics.